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An Introduction to Agateware Pottery
by Marianne Navarro
Agateware is used to refer to a class of English ceramics that started in the late seventeenth century. You can tell agateware pottery by its unique agate-like appearance achieved by combining clays with contrasting colors - hence the name. Because of agateware's swirly appearance, the procedures for it are not employed for human figures. It manifests its charm mostly in teacups, coffee pots and cats.
Agateware pottery is made by combining different colored clays, laying them on top of the other and beating them out so that they form a big mixture of different hues. This results in the striated appearance.There are two types of agateware pottery: thrown agate and laid agate; the difference lies in the making. In making laid agate, the pattern is thought out and prepared first before shaping the clay.
It is believed that the inspiration for agateware came from Tang Dynasty dishes from China, where pottery techniques for imitating the appearance of agate were also done. The first documented agateware piece - thrown agate - was made by John Dwight in 1671, whom many consider as the father of English pottery. Even then, he had referred to it as marbled ware. Thrown agate became popular in the 1750's and continued to be made in the 1770's.When it comes to laid agate, it is believed that Thomas Whieldon was the one who discovered how to do the Chinese laid agate technique and introduced it to Staffordshire potteries as he mentioned that he had improved on the way to do agateware pottery in 1759.
In France, the earliest specimens of agateware pottery were made by Francius Moulina and Jacques Barthelemy in 1768, nineteen years after the main production period of agateware in Staffordshire. In America, the earliest traced use of agateware techniques was found as early as the 1660's and the 1670's; the best examples of agateware pottery appeared during the nineteenth century and it was called scroddled ware (It was also called Lava by the company that manufactured it).
Although agateware pottery became fashionable for the last three centuries, the quantity of production did not become very large due to the intensive labor associated with making it. It can also be said that agateware became more of a novelty with the bulk of its number found in ceramic collections. Although the patterns may be attractive, it may also pose a dizzying appearance to some because of the use of different colors in swirls. It appears that agateware became "in" when it was introduced but did not have much of what it takes to maintain its allure. Josiah Wedgwood, a partner of Whieldon in the production of agateware eventually turned his attention to simpler creamware. Still, collectors are in competition for collecting agateware and it is regarded as an example of a potter's proficiency in his craft.
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